 Independence |
Independence also plays an important role in the development of the infant. Erik Erikson believes that independence is a "central theme" in the toddler's life. At this point, youngsters not only walk, they have accomplished many motor skills like climbing, running, jumping, opening, closing, pushing and pulling.
The toddler feels invincible and has a lot of pride toward themselves. Parents should recognize this and recognize the child's motivations for doing things themselves and at their own pace. According to Erikson, when parents and caregivers are unsure and impatient with the toddler, it is possible for the child to develop a sense of shame and doubt. Great care needs to be taken to ensure that the toddler will not be criticized for being just that, a toddler. When parents or caregivers are too overbearing and controlling, the youngster can gain an excessive amount of shame and guilt about themselves and their ability to control themselves in their world.