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Tactile stimulation is defined as a channel of communication that can be organized into a meaningful language which can support or inhibit an individuals discriminations, pleasure and pain balance, as well as self-esteem through interaction. This touch facilitates the development within the child and reinforces the child's well-being and health for life. There are basically three types of touch that are used when interacting with premature infants these include:
| Passive Touch | Involving the arousal of receptors in the skin and underlying tissue. |
| Active Touch | Includes the activation of the skin, joints, and muscles, functioning together to animate and convey inspiration for growth. |
| Social Touch | Promotes emotional bonds, attachment, and emotional development. |
When using the language of touch there six factors which should be considered to promote healthy and positive communication between infant and adult.
Duration - A premature infant may not have the ability to tolerate a long duration of touch.
Location - Different body parts carry different sensitivity.
Action - Infants usually prefer gradual and rhythmic action
Intensity - A premature infant's skin is very fragile and thin, touch should be as gentle as possible.
Frequency - The types and amount of touch should be what is most appropriate for each individual infant
Sensation - The infant should be provided pleasure and comfort, not stress.
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