Vocabulary:

• Ethics
• Normative Ethics
• Descriptivism
• morality
• Metaethics
• supererogatory actions
• eudaimonia
• Deontological ethics
• Virtue ethics
• Teleological ethics
• Utilitarianism
• Subjectivism
• Objectivism
• ethnocentrism
• Conventionalism
• Relativism
• Nicomachean Ethics
• Ethical Egoism
• Hedonism
• aretai
• telos
• deon
• Leviathan
• Psychological Egoism
• The Euthyphro
• The Foundations of the Metaphysic of Morals
• Categorical Imperative
• Hypothetical Imperative

Names to Know:

• Aristotle
• Plato
• Euthyphro
• Thomas Hobbes
• Herodotus
• John Stuart Mill
• Immanuel Kant
• Louis Pojman

Things to be Familiar With:

• What are the five necessary features of a moral principle?
• What's the difference between Ethics and Morality?
• What are moral designators and how are they used?
• What is the difference between Normative and Descriptive language?
• What are the two theses (i.e., Diversity thesis, Dependency thesis) upon which Ethical Relativism rests?
• According to Pojman, what are the three main reasons Western Society has embraced Ethical Relativism?
• According to Pojman, what are the main weaknesses of Ethical Relativism?
• What is Aristotle's conception of happiness and how does it differ from Mill's?
• What's the significant difference between Virtue Ethics and the other two families of normative theories?
• What's the difference between Psychological and Ethical Egoism?
• The Ethical Egoist draws a distinction between being selfish and self-interested; what's the difference?
• What is the fundamental difference between a consequentialist and a deontologist?
• What is the Utilitarian Principle?
• Why, according to Mill, is Utilitarianism not "pig philosophy," as some of its critics have maintained?
• Mill draws a distinction between two kinds of pleasure. What is this distinction? Which is preferable to the other, and why?
• What are the two families of Deontological Ethics?
• What is the Euthyphro Dilemma and how does it show a weakness in the Divine Command Theory?
• Kant thinks the Categorical Imperative can be expressed in three distinct ways, what are they?
• According to Kant, what is the one thing that is good in itself?
• According to Kant, why is reason the proper guide of the will rather than happiness as Aristotle and Mill maintain?